CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus For Academic Year 2018 – 2019


Get your free CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus for academic year 2018 – 2019. Syllabus is helpful for all the schools / colleges following NCERT Publications. Syllabus contains all units with subtopics as well as weightage for exam preparations.

cbse class 12 biology syllabus

CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus

  • Unit-VI Reproduction
    • Chapter-1: Reproduction in Organisms Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; modes of reproduction – asexual and sexual reproduction; asexual reproduction – binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule formation, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.
    • Chapter-2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
      Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination – types, agencies and
      examples; outbreeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization; post fertilization events – development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit; special modesapomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.
    • Chapter-3: Human Reproduction
      Male and female reproductive systems; microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis -spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea); parturition (elementaryidea); lactation (elementary idea).
    • Chapter-4: Reproductive Health
      Need for reproductive health and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); birth control – need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (elementary idea for general awareness).
  • Unit-VII Genetics and Evolution
    • Chapter-5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
      Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism – incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy; elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes; Sex determination – in humans, birds and honey bee; linkage and crossing over; sex linked inheritance – haemophilia, colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans – thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.
    • Chapter-6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation – lac operon; genome and human and rice genome projects; DNA fingerprinting.
    • Chapter-7: Evolution
      Origin of life; biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution (paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidences); Darwin’s contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution; mechanism of evolution – variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy –
      Weinberg’s principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution.
  • Unit-VIII Biology and Human Welfare
    • Chapter-8: Human Health and Diseases
      Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chickengunia, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm) and their control; Basic concepts of immunology – vaccines; cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence – drug and alcohol abuse.
    • Chapter-9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
      Improvement in food production: Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein,
      Biofortification, Apiculture and Animal husbandry.
    • Chapter-10: Microbes in Human Welfare
      In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers. Antibiotics; production and judicious use.




  • Unit-IX Biotechnology and Its Applications
    • Chapter-11: Biotechnology – Principles and processes
      Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA Technology).
    • Chapter-12: Biotechnology and its Application
      Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms – Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues, bio piracy and patents.
  • Unit-X Ecology and Environment
    • Chapter-13: Organisms and Populations
      Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche, population and ecological adaptations; population interactions – mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes – growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
    • Chapter-14: Ecosystem
      Ecosystems: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy; nutrient cycles (carbon and phosphorous); ecological succession; ecological services – carbon fixation, pollination, seed dispersal, oxygen release (in brief).
    • Chapter-15: Biodiversity and its Conservation Biodiversity-Concept, patterns, importance; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, national parks, sanctuaries and Ramsar sites.
    • Chapter-16: Environmental Issues
      Air pollution and its control; water pollution and its control; agrochemicals and their effects; solid waste management; radioactive waste management; greenhouse effect and climate change impact and mitigation; ozone layer depletion; deforestation; any one case study as success story addressing environmental issue(s).

Source and Credits: cbse.nic.in

Source and Credits: Syllabus is taken from CBSE website. LearnFatafat is not responsible for any changes in the syllabus. Students are requested to refer cbse.nic.in in case of any changes.

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