NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources

1. Explain any one method of crop production which ensures high yield.

Answer: Crop rotation – This method provides high yield production. In this method, two or more variety of crops are grown on the same land. If same crop is grown on the same land then certain nutrients will be continuously absorbed from the soil and ultimately crops will face scarcity of that nutrient. Thus, crops having different nutrient are rotated in the fields. This method helps in less use of fertilizers thereby, increasing the crop production.

2. Why are manure and fertilizers used in fields?

Answer: Manure and fertilizers are used in field to increase nutrients in the soil. Manure increases organic matter and nutrients in the soil. This improves fertility of the soil. Fertilizer provides nutrients like nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus for healthy growth of the plants. This increases crop yield. Manures and fertilizer should be used in appropriate combination, else it will pollute the soil, thereby decreasing the soil quality for future use.

3. What are the advantages of inter-cropping and crop rotation?

Answer: Intercropping: It is a modern way of mixed cropping in which, few rows of one type of crop is followed by few rows of another type of crop. For example, wheat is intercropped with soybean. Advantage of this method is that, even if one crop fails another can survive. Also, it prevents spread of disease from one crop to other.

Crop rotation: It is a method in which different crops are grown one after the other in same field. Due to different crops different nutrients are extracted from the soil, thereby, maintaining the nutrient balance of the soil.

4. What is genetic manipulation? How is it useful in agricultural practices?

Answer: Genetic improvement or gene manipulation, allows the insertion of gene with desired characteristic into the plants. Hence, crop will undergo genetic modification. Genetic manipulation improves quality of crop, resistance to disease, high yields, etc.

5. How do storage grain losses occur?

Answer: Loss of grains occur due to biotic and abiotic factors. Biotic factors include atmospheric moisture,temperature, wind, etc. Abiotic factor includes insects, rodents, microorganisms, etc.

6. How do good animal husbandry practices benefit farmers?

Answer: Following are the good practices of animal husbandry that benefits farmers –

• Higher yields of good quality cattles
• Good quality of milk production
• Use of animals in agriculture for carting, tilling, etc.

7. What are the benefits of cattle farming?

Answer: Following are some benefits of cattle farming –

• Cattles are used for agriculture
• Helps in production of more and more good quality of cattles
• Production of milk and milk products

8. For increasing production, what is common in poultry, fisheries and bee-keeping?

Answer: For increasing production in poultry, fisheries and bee keeping, hygiene in farms is very important. Other than this, maintenance of temperature, prevention of animals from diseases, cure of animals from diseases, availability of fodder for animals, etc is important.

9. How do you differentiate between capture fishing, mariculture and aquaculture?

Answer:

Capture Fishing	Mariculture	Aquaculture
In this method fishes are obtained from natural sources like rivers, lakes, etc	Culturing marine fishes for commercial use is called mariculture	Culturing of fish is done in marine water as well as fresh water.

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