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• Objects are classified on basis of their property and material
• Classification of object on the basis of property like size, shape, color, use, etc
• Classification of object on the basis of material like wood, glass, plastic, cotton; metals, mud, paper, etc
• Material – any substance or mixture of substances which has mass and volume
• An object can be formed with different materials like a bicycle can be formed from metal, rubber plastic
• Properties of material
  • Appearance – materials can be smooth or rough, similarly materials can be hard or soft. Hard materials breaks easily, whereas soft material break easily
  • State – Materials are found in solid, liquid or gaseous state. Those which have fixed shape and volume are solids, those which have fixed volume but not fixed shape are liquid, whereas those which does not have fixed volume neither fixed shape are gas.
  • Solubility – Materials that completely dissolve in water are soluble in water. E.g. lime juice, salt, sugar, etc. Materials that do not dissolve in water are insoluble in water. E.g. Sand, chalk, coconut oil, etc.

  • Ability to float – materials like wood, plastic, rubber float on water, where as materials like sand, stone,etc settles at the bottom thus these donot float.

  • Transparency –
    • Materials that allow to look through them completely are transparent material. E.g. glass water, etc.
    • Material which doesnot allow to look through them are opaque materials. E.g. sand, wood,etc
    • Materials that allow to look through them partially are translucent material. E.g. trace paper, oily paper, etc
  • Magnetic properties – Materials that get attracted towards the magnet are called magnetic materials. E.g. iron cobalt nickel. Material that donot get attracted towards the magnet are non magnetic materials. E.g. wood, plastic, glass, cotton, etc
  • Heat conduction – material that allow heat to flow through them are good conductors of heat. E.g. metals. Materials that donot allow the passage of heat through them are bad conductors of heat . E.g. wood, plastic, oil, etc
  • Electricity – Materials that allow the passage of electricity through them are conductors. E.g metals, salt solution, etc. Materials that donot allow the passage of electricity through them are called insulators. E.g Wood, plastic, glass, etc.