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• Fibre – string made of some material.
• Natural fibre – Fibres obtained from plants or animals . E.g. Cotton, wool, etc
• Synthetic fibre – Fibres obtained by chemical treatments, artificially are synthetic fibres. E.g. Rayon, Nylon, Polyester and Acrylic.
• Cotton
  • Cotton plants are grown in the black soil
  • States famous for cotton – Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
  • Ginning – Removing its seed from cotton balls
  • Uses – Making cloth, filling mattresses, pillow and quilts
• Jute (Golden Fibre) –
  • Soft and long natural fibres
  • States famous for Jute – West Bengal, Bihar and Assam
  • Cultivated in rainy season, are harvested in flowering phase,
  • Jute is obtained from outer skin of jute plants (ribbons) and stem of jute plants
  • Retting – Process of extraction of jute fibre from stem
  • Uses – making of wrapping bales, sacks, coarse cloth, curtains, chair coverings, area rugs, hessian cloth etc

  Watch complete video on cotton and jute fibre here

• Spinning – Process of making yarn from cotton
• Fabric is made from yarn. Variety of fabric are made depending on the twist.
• Low Twist Yarn – soft, bulky and velvety fabric
• High Twist Yarn – silky, shiny fabric
• Yarn can be made by using simple device hand spindle (takli), a device named charkha, etc
• Weaving – Process of arranging two sets of yarn to make fabric
  Watch complete process of weaving here
• Knitting – Process of converting a single thread into fabric.
• Process of knitting –
  • a single continuous thread is used to form loops and interlock them with the help of knitting needles.
  • Can be done by hands or machines
  • Series of loops formed is called stiches
  • Wales – vertical column of interconnect loops
  • Courses – horizontal column of interconnected loops
  • Property knitting fabric is that it is stretchable
• Uses of knitting – sweaters, Socks, T-shirts, gloves, blankets, as well as close fitting garments