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• Need of Water
  • Water is needed for daily activities like – brushing, bathing, washing, drinking, making food, and many other activities.
  • Water is required in industries and factories for cooling process, paper formation, fabrics, etc.
  • Large amount of water is required for irrigation for proper growth of crops
  • Used as mode of transportation
• Sources of water
  • Domestic need of water for humans is satisfied from the river water or springs
  • Large amount of water on the earth is present in seas and ocean.
  • Some regions of earth is covered with snow. When this snow is melted we get water. Thus snow is another source of water
  • Water that seeps into the ground specially the rainwater is another source of water for domestic purposes
• Water cycle
  

  Water Cycle

  • Evaporation and transpiration: Water from sea, ocean, etc evaporates and forms vapors and reach high in air. Plants lose water in form of vapor through transpiration.
  • Condensation and precipitation: Water vapors undergo condensation and forms cloud. When clouds become heavy they fall in form of rain. If temperature in atmosphere is very low precipitation occurs, there is fall of snow or hailstones.
  • Absorption and percolation[Draining]: Water falling down in form of rain is absorbed on ground surface and drains through the soil, finally meets the ground water. Water from hills and mountains meet the flowing water. Underground and flowing water finally meets again the water resources like sea, ocean, etc.
• Conservation and water management
  • Water when transported in pipelines, leakage in pipelines causes wastage of water. In day to day life water is wasted in large amount during dometic activities. Domestic need of water for humans is satisfied from the river water or springs
  • Such type of wastage of water should be avoided. For this we need conservation and water management
  • Rainwater harvesting can be used to conserve water.
• Rainwater harvesting
  • Catching, Collecting and storing rainwater is called rainwater harvesting.
  • Rainwater collected from the roof tops can be stored in tanks. This water can be filtered and used for domestic work like washing, cleaning, flushing, etc.
  • Rain water from the rooftop can be allow to seep deep in the soil so that it helps to increase in ground water level.
  • Rain water falling on roads get collected in the drains. The drains can be modified so that water entering in them get seeped directly into the soil. Or this water can be collected in storage structures such as well.